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EV 101 Series: Learn about electric cars

Sit back and let our EV 101 videos walk you through everything you need to know before buying an electric vehicle. We’ll answer common questions about what it means to own an electric car and what to focus on while shopping.

Electric cars FAQ: What they are and how they work

What are electric cars?

Electric cars — or electric vehicles to be more inclusive — are fully electric and rely on batteries for their power. They are different from plug-in hybrids, which have some electric-only range and can operate like gas-electric hybrids when the charge is depleted. Automakers often speak of “electrifying” their lineups, but that can include anything from hybrids to full EVs. On Cars.com, “EV” means completely electric.

Are electric cars more efficient than gas-powered cars?

Technically, electric motors are more efficient than gasoline or diesel engines and can provide cheaper operation per mile — but it depends on the cost of electricity and gasoline (or diesel) where you live, and EVs tend to cost more up front. EVs are popular with eco-friendly car buyers because they can be powered with renewable energy, and even when charged with power from nonrenewable sources, they release less carbon per mile compared with similar vehicles.

Can I use public chargers to charge my electric car?

Yes, but public charging should be viewed as an occasional convenience or a way to go farther from home. That’s because it’s often more expensive to charge at these stations, and it’s not uncommon to encounter broken or poorly maintained chargers. However, they are becoming more widespread, and most automakers are adopting the North American Charging Standard plug to open up more options for fast-charging EVs, most notably through the Tesla Supercharger network.

How do cold temperatures affect electric cars?

Cold is the Achilles’ heel of EV batteries regardless of make or model. Range can plummet as the battery pack cools, and heating the interior further reduces range. According to a study by AAA, EVs can lose more than 40% of their range at 20 degrees compared with 75 degrees Fahrenheit. Preheating the cabin while the car is still plugged in can lessen the pain, but the effects of cold must be factored in when determining how much range you need before purchasing.

How long does it take to charge an electric car?

Charging an EV could take anywhere from 20 minutes to 40 hours or more due to numerous variables, such as the EV’s charging capabilities, its battery capacity, the charging equipment’s capabilities and ambient temperature. For example, fully charging an EV on a Level 2 home charger can take as little as four hours up to as many as 15. DC fast chargers found in public lots are your quickest option; most new EVs can charge from 20% to 80% in under an hour.

What are the pros and cons of buying a used electric car?

Like all big purchase decisions, it’s important to weigh the pros and cons when buying a used EV. On the pro side, used EVs are often much more affordable upfront than a new EV and will likely cost less money to “fill up.” Their batteries also come with a federally required warranty of eight years or 100,000 miles. On the con side, EV batteries tend to degrade over time, affecting range, and EVs are often more expensive to repair and insure.

What kind of maintenance is required for an electric car?

In general, EVs need less maintenance than gas cars due to fewer moving parts and no oil to change, but their larger batteries and other components require specific attention. For example, battery systems often use liquid coolant to maintain safe operating temperatures and should be regularly checked. In addition, EVs typically weigh more than traditional cars, which can lead to uneven tire wear and likely means more frequent tire rotations.

Which EVs are eligible for the federal tax credit?

The federal EV tax credit program ended Sept. 30, 2025, so buyers of new and used EVs and PHEVs no longer qualify for the tax credit of up to $7,500 for new models or up to $4,000 for used models. However, many shoppers may be eligible for state and local incentives; check out your area’s municipal websites for information.

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